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"Measuring Crime and Criminality focuses on how different approaches to measuring crime and criminality are used to test existing criminological theories. Each chapter reviews a key approach for measuring criminal behavior and discusses its strengths or weaknesses for explaining the facts of crime or answers to central issues of criminological inquiry. The book describes the state of the field on different approaches for measuring crime and criminality as seen by prominent scholars in the field. Among the featured contributions are: The Use of Official Reports and Victimization Data for Testing Criminological Theories; The Design and Analysis of Experiments in Criminology; and Growth Curve/Mixture Models for Measuring Criminal Careers. Also included are papers titled: Counterfactual Methods of Causal Inference and Their Application to Criminology; Measuring Gene-Environment Interactions in the Cause of Antisocial Behavior and What Has Been Gained and Lost through Longitudinal Research and Advanced Statistical Models? This volume of Advances in Criminological Theory illustrates how understanding the various ways criminal behavior is measured is useful for developing theoretical insights on the causes of crime."--Publisher's website.

Criminology --- Criminal behavior. --- Research.

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In February 2011, the European Commission published a proposal for a new Directive on the use of passenger name record (PNR) data for the prevention, detection, investigation and prosecution of terrorist offences and serious crimes. This proposal replaces an earlier draft of 2007 for a Framework Decision on the use of PNR data for law enforcement purposes. The new proposal does not seem to allay the earlier concerns of important stakeholders with regard to the 2007 proposal. Its content contradicts not only important principles of data protection as described by the Commission in November 2010, but also the principle of proportionality underlying EU law. This paper examines the extended purpose and (lack of) added value of this proposal. It also considers its relation to the Directive on advanced passenger information and PNR agreements between the EU and third countries, the lack of harmonisation and the consequences for the fundamental rights of individuals.

Criminal behavior, Prediction of --- Privacy, Right of

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Crime --- Criminal behavior. --- Rational choice theory. --- Crime prevention. --- Sociological aspects.

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Face à la ténacité du pouvoir politique pour installer une prévention prédictive, un contrôle et un formatage précoce des enfants, le collectif Pasde0deconduite reste mobilisé. Parce qu'un enfant n'est pas un organisme programmé et programmable, rien n'est définitivement joué dans l'évolution d'un être humain, ni à 3 ans ni à 7 ou 15 ans. Le collectif Pasde0deconduite persiste et signe : la prévention prévenante est une finalité en soi qui n'a pas à se nicher à l'ombre des politiques de sécurité. Dans ce manifeste, destiné à devenir un document de référence, le collectif Pasde0deconduite interroge les fondements scientifiques et politiques des programmes de promotion de la santé mentale et appelle à en cerner les enjeux humains, scientifiques, sociaux, politiques, démocratiques et éthiques. Il défend une recherche qui prend appui sur toutes les approches théoriques et relie les disciplines entre elles, une recherche qui ne soit pas soumise aux intérêts financiers des lobbies pharmaceutiques. Enfin, il propose et valorise des pratiques existantes qui ont prouvé leur pertinence, ainsi que des dispositifs innovants dans les domaines de la prévention pour les enfants.

Criminal behavior, Prediction of. --- Criminal investigation --- Psychological aspects.

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Criminals and Victims presents an economic analysis of decisions made by criminals and victims of crime before, during, and after a crime or victimization occurs. Its main purpose is to illustrate how the application of analytical tools from economics can help us to understand the causes and consequences of criminal and victim choices, aiding efforts to deter or reduce the consequences of crime. By examining these decisions along a logical timeline over which crimes take place, we can begin to think more clearly about how policy effects change when it is targeted at specific decisions within the body of a crime. This book differs from others by recognizing the timeline of a crime, paying particular attention to victim decisions, and examining each step in the crime cycle at the micro-level. It demonstrates that criminals plan their crimes in systematic, economically logical ways; that deterring the destruction of criminal evidence may deter crime in general; and that white-collar criminals exhibit recidivism patterns not unlike those of street criminals. It further shows that the degree of criminality in a society motivates a variety of self-protection behaviors by potential victims; that not all victim resistance makes matters worse (and some may help); and that victims who report their crimes do not receive high returns for going to the police, helping to explain why some crimes ultimately go unreported.

Crime --- Criminal behavior --- Criminals --- Victims of crimes --- Economic aspects